↑ I. N. Herstein, Topics in Algebra, "...it also serves as the unifying thread which interlaces almost all of mathematics." p. 1, Ginn and Company, 1964
↑ “Omar Khayyam”. Encyclopedia Britannica. Truy cập ngày 5 tháng 10 năm 2014.
1 2 3 (Boyer 1991, "Europe in the Middle Ages" p. 258) "In the arithmetical theorems in Euclid's Elements VII-IX, numbers had been represented by line segments to which letters had been attached, and the geometric proofs in al-Khwarizmi's Algebra made use of lettered diagrams; but all coefficients in the equations used in the Algebra are specific numbers, whether represented by numerals or written out in words.
↑ Boyer, Carl B. (1991). A History of Mathematics . Wiley. tr. 178, 181. ISBN0-471-54397-7.
↑ Boyer, Carl B. (1991). A History of Mathematics . Wiley. tr. 228. ISBN0-471-54397-7.
↑ (Boyer 1991, "The Arabic Hegemony" p. 229) "It is not certain just what the terms al-jabr and muqabalah mean, but the usual interpretation is similar to that implied in the translation above.
↑ (Boyer 1991, "The Arabic Hegemony" p. 230) "The six cases of equations given above exhaust all possibilities for linear and quadratic equations having positive root.
↑ Gandz and Saloman (1936), The sources of al-Khwarizmi's algebra, Osiris i, p. 263–277: "In a sense, Khwarizmi is more entitled to be called "the father of algebra" than Diophantus because Khwarizmi is the first to teach algebra in an elementary form and for its own sake, Diophantus is primarily concerned with the theory of numbers".
